![]() Additionally, the Antarctic cone is much older (around 640 000 years), whereas Keilir is up to 100 000 years old. The Antarctic cone did lie under a polar ice sheet and not a temperate glacier as was the case with Keilir. Smellie and other scientists newly discovered a similar monogenetic subglacial tuff cone within the ice of Antarctica and could determine the thickness of ice which covered the vent during eruption. Comparison to an Antarctic subglacial tuff cone Ice thickness and more exact time of eruption in the case of Keilir are not known, just that it took place during the Pleistocene ( Weichselian). ![]() In the top region of Keilir, there is a small cap of lava (area of lava cap 0,020 km2 ) which could mean that the volcanic mountain is a tuya (the lava being from subaerial eruptions at the end of the eruption series) or perhaps just represents a volcanic plug (the lava cooled and plugged up the vent). When such an eruption is continued over a longer time span, the water in the end does not reach the vent(s) any more and lava begins to flow. ![]() With time, the tephra built up a hill and small elongated mountain over the vent(s). Tephra set down in layers into the subglacial lake. The water very soon touched the magma within the vent and caused explosive activity. When stratigraphy is considered in detail, it tells about the different parts of this eruption: The eruption thawed the glacier ice and formed a subglacial lake in which the volcano continued to develop. Eruptions under the Weichselian glaciers on Reykjanes Peninsula Except the cone, also some small subglacially formed hills to the north are results of this eruption. Keilir was formed during a subglacial fissure eruption which concentrated in the end at one vent. In March 2021 the mountain began to emit earthquakes followed by a fissure lava eruption further southwest at Fagradalsfjall. It is about 17 miles southwest of the capital city Reykjavík, It is located within the area of Krýsuvík volcanic system and Reykjanesfólkvangur. Keilir ( Icelandic pronunciation: 378 m asl) is a Pleistocene subglacial mound or perhaps a conical tuya on Reykjanes Peninsula in Iceland. Keilir from Spákonuvatn lake, Reykjavegur hiking trail Remote view of Keilir among tumuli within Hvassahraun lava field ( Krýsuvík volcanic system
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